A tour worth seeing
The old maritime trading centre of Stralsund is almost entirely surrounded by the waters of the Strelasundshow on map and idyllic ponds dammed in the 13th century.
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Stralsund has an area of 38.97km², which corresponds to about 5,460 football pitches, and is an important economic and cultural centre in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern with around 60,000 inhabitants and a beautiful historic old town.In the 14th century Stralsund was one of the most powerful towns in the entire Baltic Sea region, along with Lübeck. Historical buildings from over eight centuries can be seen everywhere and have been lovingly restored with great attention to detail. The splendour and wealth of the Hanseatic League is still evident in many places. Monumental brick churches, a magnificent town hall, lanes, squares and courtyards that can be admired during leisurely walks are almost unchanged.
It is not without reason that Stralsund was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2002. You can find out why Stralsund is allowed to carry this prestigious title at the World Heritage Exhibition, which opened in 2011 in Olthof's Palace on the beautiful Alter Markt square. By the way, the Hanseatic city of Wismar was also included in the World Heritage list in 2002 because of its historic city centre.
Thanks to the nearby Baltic motorway, the journey by car is stress-free and uncomplicated. If you want to travel by train, you will arrive in Stralsund at the neo-Gothic main railway station near the old town, which was voted "Railway Station of the Year 2016" by the "Allianz Pro Schiene" association as a result of its expansive wall painting, wooden ceiling beams and the clever design of the platform hall flooded with daylight.
Sound & ponds
On the Sundpromenadeshow on map you can enjoy a picturesque view over the water as far as Hiddensee and meet walkers and cyclists. The promenade is used by tourists and locals alike. While employees are stuck in traffic jams in the morning elsewhere, many working people here ride comfortably to work by bike along the Sound Promenade.
The Strelasund and its surrounding ponds
Strolling through the countryside
Holidaymakers should also leave their cars behind and use the well-developed bicycle routes. Get on your bike and cycle through the charming old town. Or over the small white wooden bridges at the idyllic Knieperteichshow on map pond, past strolling walkers, cheerful skateboarders, where couples picnic, graceful swans glide and pedal boats float. Or from the Sound Promenade you can see the proud sails of numerous sailing boats cruising across the sound, on their way to the Wednesday regatta every Wednesday evening for 20 weeks from May to September.
Sailing at the Strelasund
The Wednesday Regatta
But it's not just cycling and sailing that's possible in Stralsund – many of the sporty couples who are attracted to the city by the sea, bring their own sports equipment with them and find versatile sporting fun right on their doorstep, from surfing to skateboarding.
One very special sports event is the "Sundschwimmen", which has been held regularly since the 1920s, where about a thousand swimmers compete in a mass start from Altefähr and cross the 2,315m wide sound towards Stralsund. You need to move fast if you're interested in entering, as the maximum of 1,070 free places are always allocated within a few minutes of the list of participants opening.
Anyone who likes jogging can, for example, run around the old town along the Knieperteich and Frankenteich ponds. If you take the route through the harbour, a view opens up of the impressive old Gorch Fock I sailing training ship that is permanently anchored there. Further back, joggers can discover the sky-blue halls of the Stralsund shipyard, which looks back on a long shipbuilding tradition and still produces world-class ships today. Anyone in need of a refreshing reward at the end of their keep fit session who doesn't want to just look at the sound but dive into it too, can make a detour to the nearby city beach.
Sea air makes you hungry
You can indulgently fight your growing hunger at many places in the wonderful old town. Anyone who has acquired an appetite for fish from looking at the sea, will find what they're looking for at „Fischhandel Rasmusshow on map“ in the Heilgeistsraße, for example. The speciality: Bismarck herring. George Bush, Gerhard Schröder, Klaus Wowereit and Angela Merkel have already tried it. The fish is boned and skinned by hand, then pickled based on an old secret recipe and tastes sublime.
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The name Bismarck herring originated here. In 1871, the year the Reich was founded, the Stralsund merchant Johann Wiechmann knew what tasted good and sent his herring to Otto von Bismarck in Berlin, asking for it to be named after him. The Imperial Chancellor agreed. Although the name is not protected, the original Stralsund Bismarck herring is only available at Henry Rasmus in the Heilgeiststraße.Of course, there are delicious fish on many corners: all over the city, for example directly from one of the cutters moored on the canal between the port and the mainland. But it doesn't have to be fish, as many restaurants offer a varied menu and of course vegetarian or vegan dishes. A cool Stralsund beer from the award-winning Störtebeker brewery always tastes good. Anyone who likes being "socialising" at breakfast will get their money's worth at one of the many nice cafés in Stralsund and of course at „Kontor Scheeleshow on map“ with its award-winning coffee roastery. Everyone will find something to their taste in Stralsund.
Fischhandel Rasmus & Kontor Scheele
Eating out - Fresh fish or just a cup of coffee
Stralsund's silhouette
You should not miss out on admiring Stralsund's silhouette from Rügen. This is best achieved from Altefährshow on map, directly opposite on the other side of the sound.
In 1796 the scientist Wilhelm von Humboldt wrote in his diary: One beautiful sight is Stralsund from Rügen with its high Gothic towers.
The "Weiße Flotte" ferry service from Stralsund takes you across to Altefähr from mid-May to October. Comfortable benches and deck chairs on the beach promenade await visitors after the roughly 15-minute trip. The best way to enjoy a delicious sundowner is to take in the particularly impressive and fantastic view when the red evening sun sets behind Stralsund. Let your gaze wander over the beautiful harbour scenery with its excitingly modern and award-winning Ozeaneum.
In all weathers
If the weather happens to not play along, many small charming shops invite you to pick up special treasures while strolling around. Just set off on a discovery tour, following your nose. The old town's small lanes will charm you time and time again.
A romantic atmosphere prevails in the inner courtyard of St. John's Monasteryshow on map, which is just a stone's throw away from the Alter Markt square, the centre of the historic old town. The sea breeze blows through the monastery's walls, which are still standing, and greets the Pietà based on Barlach's designs that visitors can admire standing outside. Stop, pause, hold on to your umbrella, cuddle up, kiss and move on. The wonderfully colourful houses at the monastery can also be admired in a stiff breeze.
Stralsund is worth seeing all year round, even in the cold months. Should you ever want to escape the pre-Christmas hustle and bustle of the big city – just do it!
You can enjoy the Christmas atmosphere at three different locations. On the Alter Markt square you can get in the mood for the festive season with a beautiful classic Christmas market. In the town hall's cellar, one of the largest vaulted cellars in northern Germany, you can enjoy peaceful Christmas shopping with traditional handicrafts. If, on the other hand, you love the hustle and bustle of fairground rides and colourful merry-go-rounds, then you should head towards the
Neuer Marktshow on map.
Whichever location you choose, experience the wonderful festive atmosphere of the Stralsund Christmas season.
History and culture
War and peace, the Hanseatic League and Sweden
Stralsund is an exciting city and the largest in Vorpommern. It is much more than a collection of lovingly restored houses and impressive baroque churches. It looks back on a centuries-old history that makes it one of the most attractive cities in northern Germany.
A short journey through time shows why there are so many different architectural styles:
founded in the 10th century as a Slavic settlement, the fishing village of Stralow was granted the Lübeck town charter rights in 1234. It is assumed that at the beginning of the 13th century a German merchant settlement was built next to Stralow, today's Stralsund, the heart of which was located around the Nikolaikirche church and the Alter Markt square.
The Neustadt was situated south of it around the Neuer Markt and the Marienkirche. The people of Stralsund began to build a 3,100-metre-long city fortification with ten gates, thirty towers and numerous guard houses, brick towers protruding from the wall and open to the city side, after the attack by its mighty rival Lübeck in 1249. These buildings can still be seen to some extent today. The Kütertorshow on map, Kniepertor, parts of the city wall and some guard houses are witnesses of the past.
In 1293 Stralsund joined the Hanseatic League, a confederation of North German merchant guilds and market towns, and successfully traded with Scandinavia, Russia and the Baltic States among others, soon making it one of the most influential Hanseatic towns on the Baltic coast.
As a result of its accession to the Hanseatic League, the war against Denmark in 1361 was also about supremacy in the Baltic region. The peace concluded in 1370 then secured the Hanseatic League's economic and political power for a long time. In 1628 Stralsund was besieged by the commander-in-chief of the imperial army and Duke of Friedland Albrecht von Wallenstein during the Thirty Years' War and held strong. The people of Stralsund got help from the Swedish king Gustav Adolf and his troops.
Today, the Stralsund locals still celebrate their successful victory against the siege of Wallenstein with a big city festival every year on one weekend in July.
At the end of the war in 1648, Stralsund and Vorpommern fell to Sweden as a result of the "Peace of Westphalia". Stralsund suffered heavily from looting during the Nordic wars. It was not until Sweden moved its seat of government from Swedish Pomerania to Stralsund in 1720 that things began to look up again.
Under Swedish rule, the Baroque period also moved into the city and can still be seen in many buildings today. With Stralsund having belonged to Sweden for almost 200 years, it then passed to Prussia together with Rügen and Vorpommern in 1815, after the Congress of Vienna. From 1835 it belonged to Szczecin. With the construction of the Rügen dam in 1936, Stralsund became the gateway to the island of Rügen.
The beautiful Gothic buildings from past centuries not only suffered during the Second World War, but also when Stralsund belonged to the former GDR. After reunification, the city was gradually restored. Stralsund has been through a lot and welcomes you today as a UNESCO World Heritage Site with a fresh, brilliant look.
Skyline of churches
St. Nikolai, St. Marien and St. Jakobi
Stralsund's silhouette has been dominated by three steeples for over 700 years. The oldest is the imposing St. Nikolaishow on map church on the Alter Markt square.
The construction for the patron saint of sailors began in 1270. The massive nave is dominated by two square towers. The 103m high south tower was fitted with a baroque dome after a fire in 1667.
The well-preserved church interior shows the Hanseatic colours and has three playable organs. On the back of the high altar is one of the oldest clocks in the world, watchmaker Nicolaus Lilienfeld produced the work of art in 1394. However, it stopped working on 10 April 1525.
The St. Jakobishow on map church in Jakobiturmstraße has a wild history behind it. Built in the 14th century, it was severely damaged in the Thirty Years' War, burned half to the ground by lightning, used as a stable by Napoleon's troops and heavily destroyed again in the Second World War. The smallest of the three sacred buildings has been rebuilt each time but is probably the most beautiful.
St. Jakobi has been open for visitors, concerts, exhibitions and weddings again since 1996. Having served as a building materials store for 40 years, it can now call itself the Hanseatic city's cultural church.
The highest tower (104m) of the three churches belongs to St. Marienshow on map from 1360 on the Neuer Markt, the main North German Brick Gothic work and the largest religious building in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. If you like, you can climb up the 366 steps and get a magnificent bird's-eye view over Stralsund to the island of Rügen and across to the vastness of the Western Pomerania lagoon area for just a few euros.
Sensational Ozeaneum
"Living fossils," fish, penguins, and the giants of the seas
The Stralsund locals are also proud of the award-winning Ozeaneumshow on map opened in 2008, which provides its visitors with an exciting journey through the underwater world. Inspired by white sails blowing in the wind, the spiral-shaped building blends into the historic brick warehouses and catapults the harbour front into the present day. This unique building definitely doesn't leave anyone cold. Especially not Alexandra, who resides on top. The female penguin living on the roof is at home there with nine other Humboldt penguin friends and has a famous godmother, Angela Merkel.
Diving into the underwater world
The Ozeaneum
The Ozeaneum belongs to the Deutsches Meeresmuseumshow on map foundation, which also has its head office in the maritime museum located in Stralsund.
The maritime museum situated on the site of the former Katharinenkloster monastery offers numerous maritime exhibitions on environmental and marine conservation, marine research and fishing, as well as on many other topics related to the Baltic Sea region. Over 600 live marine animals can be admired in 50 aquariums.
Viking treasure in the monastery
The Viking treasure exhibited at the Stralsund Museumshow on map since 2015 is an ensemble of 16 pieces of jewellery from the 10th century. The treasure was recovered after two devastating storm floods in 1872 and 1874 in various sections of the island of Hiddensee and later named after its location: "Hiddensee Gold Jewellery".
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The Viking "Hiddensee Gold Jewellery" treasure is so valuable that museum visitors could only see a copy of the treasure up to 2017. The original has only been open to the public since the museum was renovated.The striking combination of pagan and Christian symbols on the pieces of jewellery links the treasure to the Danish king Harald Blauzahn. Myths and legends surround its history, since the 10th century was far from having an exact historiography and leaves much room for speculation. Information from the chronicle by Adam of Bremen (1050-1081/85) suggests that the treasure was buried during Blauzahn's escape after a battle with his son Sven Gabelbart. This is probably one of the rare cases when an important find can be associated with historical sources.
The treasure is considered one of the most important pieces of jewellery from the Viking Age and can be seen in the Stralsund Museum, in the Gothic vaults of the Katharinenkloster monastery at 25-28 Mönchstraße.
Incidentally, very old textiles can also be seen, an experience for Viking fans and also for lovers of the finest craftsmanship.
Karstadt and Wertheim
In the footsteps of famous merchants
The impressive trading town of Stralsund not only boasts impressive buildings but the founding of the large Kaufhof and Wertheim department stores also have their roots here.
The brothers Abraham and Theodor Wertheim opened their manufacturing fashion shop in Stralsund's Wasserstraße in 1852, and then Abraham and Ida Wertheim opened the first Wertheim department store on the corner of Mönchstraße and Mühlenstraße in 1875. The next larger department store, having expanded in Berlin among other places, was on Ossenryerstraße in 1902 and was continued by their sons. After the NSDAP seized power in the 1930s, the Wertheim family was expropriated by the National Socialists. Wertheim later became part of Karstadt. The history of the Galeria-Kaufhof and Hertie, Hermann Tietz, department stores are also closely linked to Stralsund.
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The Wertheim department store, the Jesske department store today at 8-12 Ossenreyerstraße, which was built in 1902 and is listed as a historical monument, is one of the last historical department stores in Germany. The restored atrium is particularly worth seeing.Playing cards from Stralsund
Have you ever played Mau Mau, poker or blackjack? If so, then your "Queen of Hearts" and "7 of Spades" were bound to be made by the ASS playing card company.
ASS playing cards originated from Stralsund in 1765, when the coin engraver Johann Kaspar Kern was granted the concession to open a playing card factory. By 1907 more than 3.4 million cards had already been produced, for export too, and were a lucrative business. Production moved to the "Skat town" of Altenburg in 1931. The abbreviation ASS stands for "Altenburger und Stralsunder Spielkartenfabrik".
The former playing card factory is located at the Kütertor, on whose façade the old German card symbols can still be seen today. A few metres further on, at 35 Katharinenberg, you will find the Playing Card Museum, where you can even have your own deck of cards printed.
Life in a World Heritage Site
A stroll through the city
Tamás Féjerdy, former President of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee Inclusion on the World Heritage List is not the end but the beginning of a process.
Stralsund and Wismar have been part of the World Heritage since 2002. The certificate was presented in 2003 by the President of UNESCO Tamás Féjerdy at that time. They are therefore on the same list of cultural and natural monuments as, for example, the Acropolis in Greece, the Pyramids of Giza or the Great Wall of China.
The five UNESCO World Heritage Exhibition cabinets were opened in 2011 in the historic Baroque Olthof's Palace in the old town on Alter Markt square, right next to the Tourist centreshow on map. UNESCO and the World Heritage Programme, World Heritage in Germany, Stralsund and Wismar World Heritage, World Heritage Conservation and Life in a World Heritage Site. You can find out what this award is all about in detail here. Entry on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites is both a global distinction and a local commitment for the people of Stralsund.
The UNESCO Committee found that the Hanseatic city's old town looked almost exactly as it did during its heyday of the Hanseatic League in the 14th century. The medieval layout had been preserved almost unchanged. The traditional building fabric shows the extraordinary wealth and political importance of the city in the Middle Ages through numerous individual monuments, including houses, churches, monasteries and gates.
The inhabitants of Stralsund are very proud of their award-winning old town and fulfil their commitment. Everything is maintained and kept beautiful, they are delighted when they can meet up on the historical market square in the evening, or chat on their doorsteps. Real estate buyers and residents must of course adhere to the strict monument preservation requirements. Great emphasis is placed on the protection and preservation of historical monuments. Over 800 buildings in Stralsund are listed as historical monuments and nothing is flattened for renovation.
We think that's a good thing too.
Beautiful Stralsund is not just fun to live in but to work in too. The people of Stralsund mainly live from tourism, handicrafts, shipbuilding and mechanical engineering. So tourism, tradition and technology. More and more innovative service and high-tech companies are also settling in the city, which has also been a "state-approved resort" since 2016.
Lanes, squares and buildings
RESIDENTS AND CRANES
During a relaxing walk around the old town, you can admire the remains of the city wall, the guard houses and city gates, breathe in the sea air of course and have a nice chat with the residents. If you then continue strolling around the idyllic city ponds, you can enjoy the different lush shades of green and see one or two cranes walking around in spring or autumn, calling out their unmistakable trumpeting call.
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The fact that you can hear or see cranes in Stralsund is due to the fact that the shallow lagoon waters in the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park are one of the most important crane resting places in Central Europe.BADSTÜBERSTRASSE
Head towards the Alter Markt square through the old town's small old lanes, where you'll find numerous sights and the buildings breathe history. The Badstüberstraßeshow on map or the Schillstraße are idyllic medieval lanes with lovingly maintained roses and colourful stylishly renovated cottages.
THE TOWN HALL
If you like being among lots of people and need a bit of hustle and bustle, you'll find it on the Alter Markt square. Locals chat and tourists crane their necks to see the sights here. It's best to relax at one of the cosy terrace restaurants and take in the different architectural styles and moods.
It's really worth taking a close look at the impressive Gothic town hallshow on map from the 13th century. It is particularly beautiful to see the sun shining through from behind the magnificent façade of the town hall. This historical gem, actually built as a department store, embodies the prosperity and power of the Hanseatic League like no other building on the Baltic coast.
A 36-metre-high façade with six triangular gables and seven pillars is one of the masterpieces of German Brick Gothic architecture. Above the windows are the coats of arms of six important Hanseatic cities: Stralsund, Wismar, Lübeck, Hamburg, Greifswald and Rostock. The Swedish coat of arms over the Baroque west portal is a reminder of the Swedish period. Perhaps one or two of you may already have seen the town hall on a German 70 cent stamp.
THE WATER FEATURE IN THE HEART OF THE CITY
The action-packed centre of Alter Marktshow on mapsquare is one of the most remarkable water features and fountains in Stralsund. Children run around the water fountains, which suddenly shoot out of the cobblestones here, whooping with joy and full of life. Surprising fountains randomly shoot out of the ground causing great amusement, only to dry up for minutes and then fan out high and wide again, as if appearing from nowhere. An absolute highlight for children from near and far.
SCHEELE'S BIRTHPLACE
The birthplace of Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who discovered oxygen, is also magnificent to look at. It dazzles in Fährstraße, which is one of the oldest streets in Stralsund.
Scheele was born at house number 23 in 1742 in Stralsund, which belonged to Sweden at that time (died 1786). Today, it houses a four-star hotel, together with two other houses next door. At the end of a wonderful day in Stralsund, the Scheelehof not only offers accommodation but also excellent dining.
JOSEF'S GABLE HOUSE – A PRIVATE MUSEUM
Fancy seeing a private house listed as a historical monument from the inside for once?
A real insider tip is Josef's Gable Houseshow on map at 28 Frankenstraße: a private museum that definitely should be visited. The owner Josef Wycisk restored the 14th century trading and warehouse building, which was also used as a residential building at that time, between 1970 and 1978. In addition to changing art exhibitions he presents the largest private collection of very old bricks.
Boring? You won't believe all the stories that bricks can tell! If the door's open, I'm sure Mr Wycisk can be persuaded to have a little chat.
A bit of culture
Josef's Hansehaus
Boring? You won't believe all the stories that bricks can tell! If the door's open, I'm sure Mr Wycisk can be persuaded to have a little chat.
ANGLERS, SAILORS AND WAVE BREAKERS
The port, whose excellent environmental management and high water quality is indicated by the blue flag, is best enjoyed on a sunny day. Simply let the city's cobblestones take you there. Admire the moored boats, listen to the sounds, sniff the typical Stralsund scent of elder, alder and beech from the smoke ovens. Watch the skippers sailing the yachts in and out, the seagulls hunting for fish or applaud the fish jumping. Especially those who outsmart the seagulls. Or the anglers.
If you like, you can fish in the harbour yourself. Passionate anglers gather to fish for herring on the northern pier in spring. Sailors looking for good shelter from the wind and swell in the harbour will find it behind the 450-metre-long pier and behind another breakwater against the west winds where the sun gently shimmers down on you.
THE OLD THREE-MAST BARK AND MODERN CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE
The „Gorch Fock Ishow on map“ three-mast bark, which was launched in 1933 and has been moored permanently in the city harbour since 2003, is impressive and the harbour image would be unthinkable without it. The former training ship, built by Blohm + Voss in Hamburg, is a museum ship today.
A genuine piece of history
Gorch Fock I
Once built, sunk, rebuilt, the magnificently restored ship is a must for maritime fans. Ahoy and kick in rig training, boarding the main mast and setting sail is possible under expert guidance by arrangement. For very special occasions. Celebrating and getting married too, by the way.
If you let your gaze wander a bit further, you'll see Germany's largest cable-stayed bridge, the Rügenbrückeshow on map. It was opened in 2007, following a three-year construction period and costing around 125 million euros in total to build. At 127.75 metres high and 4,097 metres long in total, it connects Stralsund to Rügen.
The three-lane bridge, only approved for motor traffic, relieves the strain on the Rügendamm and offers ships clearance of 42 metres. The Rügenbrücke is a real eye-catcher and Stralsund's modern landmark that can be seen from afar.
A FAMOUS BEACH RESORT
An almost Mediterranean attitude to life is conveyed in the summer by the city beachshow on map, which promises refreshing swimming fun after a long stroll or late lie-in.
The seaside resort, which was opened in 1922, can be reached from the old town in no time at all on foot or by bike along the Sound Promenade. Free swimming fun in the middle of Stralsund. In 2011 it was smartened up with 20,000 square metres of the finest sand and is accessible to everyone at any time free of charge. Just spread out your towel and relax. The sandy beach in the city by the sea promises refreshing swimming fun all day long from early morning when the very "well-rested" plunge into the high water before breakfast. And if you happen to have stumbled across a "Stralsund Fährwasser" the night before, a caraway schnapps from Stralsund's oldest pub, then the sound's cool water will certainly help!
A WONDERFUL CITY
This small, wonderful city by the sea has already delighted many hearts:
Poet Ricarda Huch, 1927 Stralsund is a seaside town, created by the sea, similar to the sea, related to the sea in its appearance and in its history.
Immerse yourself in this delightful gem on the Strelasund, if you like. Enjoy the
centuries-old culture, meet lovely people, relax while sunbathing, let yourself drift through the day, go for a walk, sail, fish, row, learn to dive, charter yachts and rent houseboats, go on cruises, declare your love to your loved one once again... and and and...
A great deal is possible on Stralsund's old coast. Why not give it a try and discover Stralsund! The city is looking forward to seeing you!
Trailer
While shooting this website, the Berlin camera team learned that the city name is pronounced STRALsund, with the emphasis on the first syllable, as is the case with other Hanseatic cities such as HAMburg, BREmen, LÜbeck, WISmar.
But not StralSUND, as one would say anywhere else. The production manager said it was due to his lack of talent in languages that he "screwed it up" again and again. When he was buying a fish sandwich in the harbour, he got into conversation with a lovely saleswoman and complained to her about his woes after another failure, whereupon the lady said succinctly:
You're not from around here, are you? – You don't have to be able to do that!
Chilled, friendly and pragmatic, that's what we're like in Stralsund!
City map
On our map you can rediscover the moments you've experienced and have quick access to all the contact and travel information.
About the project
We hope we were able to give you a favourable impression of the beautiful hanseatic town of Stralsund situated on the Strelasund. If you should consider planning your next holiday in Stralsund you will find all necessary information and contacts here.
The City by the Sea is looking forward to welcoming you!
Web links
Stralsund Tourist Office
City of Stralsund website
Credits
Idea & production, artdirector: Markus Grobecker, foodata MEDIADESIGN
Development: Martin Heßmann, Artdirector Ape Unit
Programming: Emil Sommerfeldt
Texts: Kristina Pomplun | Markus Grobecker
Camera: Konrad Waldmann
Editing: Markus Grobecker
The footage and website are partly funded by the EU project JOHANN / Small Cruise Ships in South Baltic Destinations (INTERREG V A Program Southern Baltic Sea)